{"id":1246,"date":"2019-07-03T09:39:40","date_gmt":"2019-07-03T07:39:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instytutpolski.pl\/budapeszt\/?page_id=1246"},"modified":"2020-05-31T14:44:45","modified_gmt":"2020-05-31T12:44:45","slug":"lengyel-nyelv","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/instytutpolski.pl\/budapest\/lengyel-nyelv\/","title":{"rendered":"A lengyel nyelv"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

A lengyel nyelv a m\u00e1sodik legt\u00f6bbet besz\u00e9lt szl\u00e1v nyelv a vil\u00e1gon. K\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 50 milli\u00f3an besz\u00e9lik akt\u00edvan, \u00e9s legal\u00e1bb 10 milli\u00f3an ismerik passz\u00edvan. Ezzel a lengyel nyelv a legt\u00f6bbek \u00e1ltal besz\u00e9lt szl\u00e1v nyelv az Eur\u00f3pai Uni\u00f3ban, az \u00f6t\u00f6dik kisebbs\u00e9gi nyelv (ex aequo a kaszt\u00edliai spanyol, a n\u00e9met, az angol, a francia, \u00e9s az olasz ut\u00e1n). \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A lengyel nyelv az indoeur\u00f3pai nyelvcsal\u00e1dhoz tartozik, a nyugati szl\u00e1v nyelvek alcsoportj\u00e1hoz (a cseh, szlov\u00e1k, kasub, als\u00f3lu\u017cycki, fels\u0151lu\u017cycki \u00e9s a m\u00e1r kihalt pol\u00e1bi nyelv mellett).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Egy \u00e1tlag lengyel akt\u00edv sz\u00f3kincse kb. 30 ezer sz\u00f3bol \u00e1ll, m\u00edg a passz\u00edv sz\u00f3kincse, melyet \u00e9rt, de nem haszn\u00e1l kb. 100 ezer nagys\u00e1g\u00fa. A lengyel szakos egyetemi hallgat\u00f3k szerint el\u00e9g 1200, a legt\u00f6bbet haszn\u00e1lt sz\u00f3t ismerni ahhoz, hogy besz\u00e9lni lehessen lengyel\u00fcl.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A lengyel abc alapja a latin abc, 32 bet\u0171b\u0151l \u00e1ll. 9 olyan bet\u0171je van, melyet diakritikus jelek seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel \u00edrunk (\u0105, \u0107, \u0119, \u0142, \u0144, \u00f3, \u015b, \u017a, \u017c). Ezen k\u00edv\u00fcl \u00edrott form\u00e1ban h\u00e9t kett\u0151s bet\u0171t (sz, rz, cz, ch, dz, d\u017c, d\u017a), \u00e9s egy h\u00e1rmas bet\u0171t k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6ztet\u00fcnk (dzi) meg. \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A lengyel ragoz\u00f3 nyelv, 7 esetben ragoz\u00f3dnak a f\u0151n\u00e9vek, mell\u00e9knevek, mell\u00e9kn\u00e9vi igenevek, n\u00e9vm\u00e1sok, \u00e9s sz\u00e1mnevek. \u00a0Az ig\u00e9k szem\u00e9lyek, id\u0151k, m\u00f3dok, sz\u00e1mok alapj\u00e1n ragozand\u00f3k. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A lengyel nyelv legr\u00e9gebbi mondat\u00e1t \u201eDay, ut ia pobrusa, a ti poziwai\u201d (\u201eDaj, a\u0107 ja pobrucz\u0119, a ty poczywaj\u201d \u201eHagyd, \u00e9n meg\u00e9lezem, te pihenj\u201d) 1270-ben a latin \u00e1b\u00e9c\u00e9 bet\u0171ivel jegyezt\u00e9k fel Wroc\u0142awban (Az UNESCO Vil\u00e1geml\u00e9kezeti List\u00e1n szerepl\u0151 Henrik-cikkelyekben). 1285-ben \u0141\u0119czycaban arr\u00f3l hat\u00e1roztak, hogy a latin nyelv mellett a lengyel nyelvet is haszn\u00e1lni fogj\u00e1k a kolostori \u00e9s sz\u00e9kesegyh\u00e1zi iskol\u00e1kban.    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A lengyel nyelvre a latin, az \u00f3g\u00f6r\u00f6g, a n\u00e9met, cseh, ruszin, t\u00f6r\u00f6k, francia, olasz, orosz, magyar \u00e9s jiddis nyelv volt hat\u00e1ssal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A lengyel nyelv f\u0151 dialektusai a nagy-lengyelorsz\u00e1gi, kis-lengyelorsz\u00e1gi, a szil\u00e9ziai, a maz\u00f3viai, a che\u0142mi\u0144sko-kociewsko-warmi\u0144ski valamint az \u00e9szaki-, \u00e9s d\u00e9li hat\u00e1rvid\u00e9ki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u0151vebben:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Multimedia Guide to Polish Language: http:\/\/multimediaguides.culture.pl\/multimediaguides\/alphabet\/the-polish-alphabet\/0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Poland.pl: https:\/\/poland.pl\/social-issues\/social\/polish-language-simple-language\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u0151vebb inform\u00e1ci\u00f3 arr\u00f3l, hol lehet a vil\u00e1gon lengyel\u00fcl tanulni, valamint Lengyelorsz\u00e1g interakt\u00edv t\u00e9rk\u00e9p\u00e9n megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 lengyel k\u00f6nyvt\u00e1rakr\u00f3l: https:\/\/polski.msz.gov.pl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A lengyel nyelv n\u00e9pszer\u0171s\u00edt\u00e9se k\u00fclf\u00f6ld\u00f6n: https:\/\/nawa.gov.pl\/jezyk-polski<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A lengyel nyelv a m\u00e1sodik legt\u00f6bbet besz\u00e9lt szl\u00e1v nyelv a vil\u00e1gon. K\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 50 milli\u00f3an besz\u00e9lik akt\u00edvan, \u00e9s legal\u00e1bb 10 milli\u00f3an ismerik passz\u00edvan. Ezzel a lengyel nyelv a legt\u00f6bbek \u00e1ltal besz\u00e9lt szl\u00e1v nyelv az Eur\u00f3pai Uni\u00f3ban, az \u00f6t\u00f6dik kisebbs\u00e9gi nyelv (ex aequo a kaszt\u00edliai spanyol, a n\u00e9met, az angol, a francia, \u00e9s az olasz ut\u00e1n). \u00a0\u00a0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1243,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1246","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nA lengyel nyelv - Instytut Polski w Budapeszcie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/instytutpolski.pl\/budapest\/lengyel-nyelv\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A lengyel nyelv - Instytut Polski w Budapeszcie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A lengyel nyelv a m\u00e1sodik legt\u00f6bbet besz\u00e9lt szl\u00e1v nyelv a vil\u00e1gon. 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