{"id":12668,"date":"2025-10-24T12:23:29","date_gmt":"2025-10-24T10:23:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instytutpolski.pl\/praha\/?page_id=12668"},"modified":"2025-11-05T10:34:50","modified_gmt":"2025-11-05T09:34:50","slug":"daily-courage-polish-czech-and-slovak-women-in-anti-communist-dissent-1968-1989-12-konspiratorky","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/instytutpolski.pl\/praha\/daily-courage-polish-czech-and-slovak-women-in-anti-communist-dissent-1968-1989-12-konspiratorky\/","title":{"rendered":"Daily Courage. Polish, Czech and Slovak Women in Anti-Communist Dissent 1968-1989 \/ 12 – CONSPIRATORS"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Conspiracy was key to the success of the anti-communist dissent; without the secrecy, it would not have survived. Women were also involved in establishing connections, organizing meetings of dissidents, and creating networks of apartments or houses where it was possible to hide or work on samizdat magazines and publications. Conspiratorial methods varied: from the use of false documents and disguises to pseudonyms and agreed passwords.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ewa Kulik: „The rule was that no one knew anything \u2013 we didn’t know who we were hiding with, and the apartment owners didn’t know who they were providing shelter to. We divided Warsaw into areas. To ensure that no one was caught during the move, we made sure that the entire structure was in one neighborhood, so it was easier to move around. We stayed in one place for about three weeks”. Interview with Ewa Kulik, Wysokie Obcasy,<\/em> 30 August 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eva „Tr\u00fada” Vidla\u0159ov\u00e1: „When they wanted to arrest you, you were followed for two or three days. You already knew that someone was following you. But in my case, it was ten days. I didn’t know what was going on, so I decided to hide. And so, I crawled through the city, weaving my way through everywhere, walking through underpasses and basements. I ended up at a friend’s place, who let me sleep over. In the morning, we decided to go to Freedom Square, but they wouldn’t let me in. As soon as I opened the door, they grabbed me. They knew exactly where I was \u2013 I don’t understand how”<\/em>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Eva „Tr\u00fada” Vidla\u0159ov\u00e1 at the Theatre on a String. Source: Private archive of E. Vidla\u0159ov\u00e1  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Ewa Kulik and Konrad Bieli\u0144ski at a meeting of Solidarity representatives in June 1981.
Source: Archiv of O\u015brodek KARTA\/Independent Polish Agency<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
Secret hiding place in Al\u017eb\u011bta Vojtkov\u00e1’s apartment and example of samizdat printing (showing in the 1990s), Source: \u00a0Private archive of J. \u0160imul\u010d\u00edk<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
Al\u017ebeta Vojtkov\u00e1 (second from left in the photo) organized secret meetings, and one way to pass on a message was to write it by a pencil directly on the envelope under the stamp. The photo shows a meeting of expelled theology students in the 1980s. Source: Private archive of A. Vojtkov\u00e1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"
While looking at a map marking the Czechoslovak-Polish Friendship Trail at V\u00e1clav and Olga Havel’s cottage, Anna \u0160abatov\u00e1 realized that this was an opportunity to meet with Polish dissidents „legally.” The historically first meeting took place on Sn\u011b\u017eka in 1978, where a joint statement was prepared on the 10th<\/sup> anniversary of the Warsaw Pact troops invasion. Later, in 1981, Polish-Czechoslovak Solidarity was formed. In the photo, from left: Marta Kubi\u0161ov\u00e1, Jacek Kuro\u0144, V\u00e1clav Havel, Source: Libri prohibiti, photo by Ji\u0159\u00ed Bedn\u00e1\u0159<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Conspiracy was key to the success of the anti-communist dissent; without the secrecy, it would not have survived. Women were also involved in establishing connections, organizing meetings of dissidents, and creating networks of apartments or houses where it was possible to hide or work on samizdat magazines and publications. Conspiratorial methods varied: from the use […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60,"featured_media":12702,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12668","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nDaily Courage. 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