{"id":564,"date":"2019-06-25T13:03:58","date_gmt":"2019-06-25T11:03:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instytutpolski.pl\/sztokholm\/?page_id=564"},"modified":"2023-02-20T16:39:20","modified_gmt":"2023-02-20T15:39:20","slug":"polska-spraket","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/instytutpolski.pl\/stockholm\/polska-spraket\/","title":{"rendered":"Polska spr\u00e5ket"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Polska \u00e4r det n\u00e4st st\u00f6rsta slaviska spr\u00e5ket i v\u00e4rlden. Omkring 50 miljoner m\u00e4nniskor anv\u00e4nder polska aktivt och minst 10 miljoner har passiv f\u00e4rdighet i spr\u00e5ket. D\u00e4rmed \u00e4r polska det st\u00f6rsta slaviska spr\u00e5ket i Europeiska unionen och dess femte spr\u00e5k totalt (lika stort som spanskan, mindre \u00e4n tyska, engelska, franska och italienska).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polska h\u00f6r till de indoeuropeiska spr\u00e5ken. Dess n\u00e4rmaste sl\u00e4ktingar \u00e4r de andra v\u00e4stslaviska spr\u00e5ken \u2013 tjeckiska, slovakiska, kasjubiska, l\u00e5gsorbiska, h\u00f6gsorbiska och den utd\u00f6da polabiskan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enligt vissa polska spr\u00e5kforskare r\u00e4cker det att k\u00e4nna till de 1200 vanligaste orden f\u00f6r att kunna anv\u00e4nda sig av polska spr\u00e5ket.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Det polska alfabetet baseras p\u00e5 det latinska och har 32 bokst\u00e4ver. D\u00e4r finns nio bokst\u00e4ver som bildas med hj\u00e4lp av diakritiska tecken –  \u0105, \u0107, \u0119, \u0142, \u0144, \u00f3, \u015b, \u017a, \u017c. Det finns ocks\u00e5 sju ljud som skrivs med digrafer – sz, rz, cz, ch, dz, d\u017c, d\u017a \u2013 och ett som skrivs med trigraf \u2013 dzi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polskan utm\u00e4rks av en rik ordb\u00f6jning. Substantiv, adjektiv, adjektiviska particip, substantiviska adjektiviska och kvantitativa pronomen samt r\u00e4kneord b\u00f6js i sju kasus och enligt numerus. Verben b\u00f6js enligt person, tempus, modus, diates och numerus, dessutom tillh\u00f6r verben olika aspekter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Den f\u00f6rsta k\u00e4nda meningen p\u00e5 polska l\u00e5ter: \u201dDay, ut ia pobrusa, a ti poziwai.\u201d Med nutida stavning blir det: \u201dDaj, a\u0107 ja pobrucz\u0119, a ty poczywaj.\u201d (L\u00e5t mig mala s\u00e5 kan du vila dig.) Den nedtecknades med latinskt alfabet \u00e5r 1270 i Wroc\u0142aw i den s k Henryk\u00f3wboken, som finns med p\u00e5 UNESCOs lista \u00f6ver v\u00e4rldsminnen. 1285 h\u00f6lls ett m\u00f6te i staden \u0141\u0119czyca med h\u00f6ga kyrkliga och v\u00e4rldsliga makthavare som fastst\u00e4llde att polska spr\u00e5ket skulle anv\u00e4ndas j\u00e4msides med latinet i kloster- och katedralskolor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polskan har p\u00e5verkats av latin, grekiska, tyska, tjeckiska, ukrainska, turkiska, franska, italienska, ryska, ungerska och jiddisch. Idag p\u00e5verkas polskan framf\u00f6r allt av nutidens lingua franca, engelskan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polskans huvuddialekter \u00e4r storpolska, lillpolska, schlesiska, masoviska, Che\u0142m-Kociewie-Warmia-dialekten samt dialekterna i nord\u00f6stra och syd\u00f6stra gr\u00e4nstrakterna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e4s mer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Multimediaguide till polska spr\u00e5ket: http:\/\/multimediaguides.culture.pl\/multimediaguides\/alphabet\/the-polish-alphabet\/0<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Poland.pl: https:\/\/poland.pl\/social-issues\/social\/polish-language-simple-language\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Information om var i v\u00e4rlden man kan l\u00e4ra sig polska och om polska bibliotek, med interaktiv karta, i Polen och utanf\u00f6r Polen.  https:\/\/polski.msz.gov.pl\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fr\u00e4mjande av polska spr\u00e5ket utomlands: https:\/\/nawa.gov.pl\/jezyk-polski<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Polska \u00e4r det n\u00e4st st\u00f6rsta slaviska spr\u00e5ket i v\u00e4rlden. Omkring 50 miljoner m\u00e4nniskor anv\u00e4nder polska aktivt och minst 10 miljoner har passiv f\u00e4rdighet i spr\u00e5ket. D\u00e4rmed \u00e4r polska det st\u00f6rsta slaviska spr\u00e5ket i Europeiska unionen och dess femte spr\u00e5k totalt (lika stort som spanskan, mindre \u00e4n tyska, engelska, franska och italienska). Polska h\u00f6r till de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":565,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-564","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nPolska spr\u00e5ket - Instytut Polski w Sztokholmie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/instytutpolski.pl\/stockholm\/polska-spraket\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Polska spr\u00e5ket - Instytut Polski w Sztokholmie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Polska \u00e4r det n\u00e4st st\u00f6rsta slaviska spr\u00e5ket i v\u00e4rlden. Omkring 50 miljoner m\u00e4nniskor anv\u00e4nder polska aktivt och minst 10 miljoner har passiv f\u00e4rdighet i spr\u00e5ket. D\u00e4rmed \u00e4r polska det st\u00f6rsta slaviska spr\u00e5ket i Europeiska unionen och dess femte spr\u00e5k totalt (lika stort som spanskan, mindre \u00e4n tyska, engelska, franska och italienska). 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