{"id":518,"date":"2019-06-27T11:07:04","date_gmt":"2019-06-27T09:07:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/instytutpolski.pl\/wilno\/?page_id=518"},"modified":"2022-09-15T11:33:00","modified_gmt":"2022-09-15T09:33:00","slug":"lenku-kalba","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/instytutpolski.pl\/vilnius\/lenku-kalba\/","title":{"rendered":"Lenk\u0173 kalba"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Lenk\u0173 kalba priklauso indoeuropie\u010di\u0173 kalb\u0173 grupei, kaip ir lietuvi\u0173 kalba, bei vakar\u0173 slav\u0173 kalb\u0173 pogrupiui (kartu su \u010dek\u0173, slovak\u0173, ka\u0161ub\u0173, auk\u0161tutini\u0173 sorb\u0173, \u017eemutini\u0173 sorb\u0173 ir mirusia polab\u0173 kalbomis).<\/p>\n<p>Pagal j\u0105 vartojan\u010di\u0173j\u0173 skai\u010di\u0173 lenk\u0173 kalba tarp slav\u0173 kalb\u0173 u\u017eima antr\u0105 viet\u0105 pasaulyje. J\u0105 aktyviai vartoja apie 50 mln. \u017emoni\u0173, nors dar 10 mln. j\u0105 moka. Taigi lenk\u0173 kalba \u2013 gausiausia slav\u0173 kalba ir penkta etnin\u0117 kalba (drauge su ispan\u0173 (kastil\u0173) kalba, po vokie\u010di\u0173, angl\u0173, pranc\u016bz\u0173 ir ital\u0173 kalb\u0173) Europos S\u0105jungoje. Tad j\u0105 mokantys gali susikalb\u0117ti beveik su 1 proc. pasaulio gyventoj\u0173, t. y. net su kas \u0161imtuoju \u017emogumi.<\/p>\n<p>Manoma, kad kiekvienas lenkas moka vidutini\u0161kai 30 t\u016bkst. \u017eod\u017ei\u0173, o supranta apie 100 t\u016bkst., bet tiek nevartoja. Anot kai kuri\u0173 polonist\u0173, kad gal\u0117tum susikalb\u0117ti lenki\u0161kai, pakanka mok\u0117ti 1200 \u017eod\u017ei\u0173, kurie vartojami da\u017eniausiai.<\/p>\n<p>Seniausias lenki\u0161kas sakinys: \u201eDay ut ia pobrusa, a ti poziwai\u201c (\u201eDuok, a\u0161 pamalsiu, o tu pails\u0117k\u201c), lotyni\u0161komis raid\u0117mis para\u0161ytas 1270 m. Vroclave (Henrykuvo knygoje, \u012ftrauktoje \u012f UNESCO \u201ePasaulio atminties\u201c registr\u0105). 1285 m. Len\u010dycos suva\u017eiavime nuspr\u0119st\u0105, kad \u0161alia lotyn\u0173 kalbos vienuolyn\u0173 ir katedr\u0173 mokyklose bus vartojama ir lenk\u0173 kalba.<\/p>\n<p>Lenk\u0173 kalbai \u012ftakos tur\u0117jo lotyn\u0173, graik\u0173, vokie\u010di\u0173, \u010dek\u0173, rus\u0117n\u0173, turk\u0173, pranc\u016bz\u0173, ital\u0173, rus\u0173, vengr\u0173 ir jidi\u0161 kalbos. Verta pamin\u0117ti, kad \u012f lietuvi\u0173 kalb\u0105 daug \u017eod\u017ei\u0173 at\u0117jo i\u0161 lenk\u0173 kalbos (ir per j\u0105 \u2013 kai kurie tarptautiniai \u017eod\u017eiai, pvz., cukrus, popierius, kapitonas). Vieni i\u0161 lenk\u0173 kalbos kil\u0119 \u017eod\u017eiai bendrin\u0117je lietuvi\u0173 kalboje laikomi norminiais (pvz., agurkas, ponas, suknia), kiti \u2013 svetimyb\u0117mis (pvz., d\u016b\u0161ia, pekla, pletkai), ta\u010diau daug pastar\u0173j\u0173 tebevartojama lietuvi\u0173 kalbos tarm\u0117se. Lenk\u0173 kalboje taip pat galima rasti lituanizm\u0173, pvz., papro\u0107 \u2013 papartis, rojst \u2013 raistas, dziegie\u0107 \u2013 degutas. Dabar ir lenk\u0173, ir lietuvi\u0173 kalbas labiausiai veikia \u0161i\u0173 laik\u0173 <em>lingua franca<\/em> \u2013 angl\u0173 kalba.<\/p>\n<p>Su lenk\u0173 ab\u0117c\u0117le galite susipa\u017einti <a href=\"http:\/\/multimediaguides.culture.pl\/multimediaguides\/alphabet\/the-polish-alphabet\/0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u010dia<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lenk\u0173 kalba priklauso indoeuropie\u010di\u0173 kalb\u0173 grupei, kaip ir lietuvi\u0173 kalba, bei vakar\u0173 slav\u0173 kalb\u0173 pogrupiui (kartu su \u010dek\u0173, slovak\u0173, ka\u0161ub\u0173, auk\u0161tutini\u0173 sorb\u0173, \u017eemutini\u0173 sorb\u0173 ir mirusia polab\u0173 kalbomis). Pagal j\u0105 vartojan\u010di\u0173j\u0173 skai\u010di\u0173 lenk\u0173 kalba tarp slav\u0173 kalb\u0173 u\u017eima antr\u0105 viet\u0105 pasaulyje. J\u0105 aktyviai vartoja apie 50 mln. \u017emoni\u0173, nors dar 10 mln. j\u0105 moka. Taigi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":519,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-518","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Lenk\u0173 kalba - Instytut Polski w Wilnie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/instytutpolski.pl\/vilnius\/lenku-kalba\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lenk\u0173 kalba - Instytut Polski w Wilnie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lenk\u0173 kalba priklauso indoeuropie\u010di\u0173 kalb\u0173 grupei, kaip ir lietuvi\u0173 kalba, bei vakar\u0173 slav\u0173 kalb\u0173 pogrupiui (kartu su \u010dek\u0173, slovak\u0173, ka\u0161ub\u0173, auk\u0161tutini\u0173 sorb\u0173, \u017eemutini\u0173 sorb\u0173 ir mirusia polab\u0173 kalbomis). 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